Chicken Care Guide for New Owners | Chicken’s Ave South Coops

Complete Chicken Care Guide

Everything you need to know about raising happy, healthy backyard chickens in the US. From setting up your first coop to daily care routines.

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Getting Started with Backyard Chickens

Raising backyard chickens is one of the most rewarding experiences for families. Fresh eggs every morning, natural pest control, and the joy of caring for these fascinating birds are just a few of the benefits you’ll enjoy.

At Chicken’s Ave South Coops, we’ve raised 41 hens ourselves, learning firsthand what works and what doesn’t. This guide shares everything we wish we knew when we started—knowledge that has shaped how we design every coop we build.

🎯 Before You Begin

Check your local regulations. Many US counties allow backyard chickens, but rules vary on flock size, coop placement, and whether roosters are permitted. Lee County and surrounding areas generally allow hens in residential areas with some restrictions.

Why Raise Backyard Chickens?

  • Fresh, nutritious eggs – Nothing compares to the taste of eggs from your own happy hens
  • Natural pest control – Chickens eat bugs, ticks, and other pests
  • Garden fertilizer – Chicken manure is excellent compost
  • Educational for kids – Teaches responsibility and nature connection
  • Relaxing hobby – Watching chickens is surprisingly therapeutic
  • Self-sufficiency – One step toward sustainable living
250+ Eggs per hen yearly
5-10 Years lifespan
18-24 Weeks to first eggs
15 Min. daily care
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Setting Up Your Coop

A well-designed coop is the foundation of healthy, happy chickens. Here’s what you need to consider when setting up your chickens’ home.

Space Requirements

📐 The Golden Rules

  • Inside the coop: 3-4 square feet per hen
  • Outdoor run: 8-10 square feet per hen
  • Roost bars: 8-10 inches per bird
  • Nesting boxes: 1 box per 3-4 hens

⚠️ Overcrowding Issues

Crowded chickens become stressed, which leads to pecking, feather loss, reduced egg production, and increased disease risk. Always plan for more space than the minimum.

Ventilation

Proper airflow is crucial, especially in United States’s hot, humid climate. Good ventilation removes ammonia from droppings, reduces moisture, and helps regulate temperature.

  • Ventilation openings near the roofline
  • Cross-ventilation for air movement
  • Avoid drafts at roost level
  • Consider foldable walls for temperature control

Nesting Boxes

Nesting boxes provide a quiet, safe space for hens to lay eggs. They should be:

  • Size: 12″ x 12″ x 12″ minimum
  • Location: Lower than roosts, in a quiet corner
  • Bedding: Pine shavings, straw, or nesting pads
  • Privacy: Slightly darkened for comfort

Roosting Bars

Chickens sleep on roosts, not on the ground. Proper roosts keep them safe and comfortable:

  • Height: 2-4 feet off the ground
  • Width: 2″ wide with rounded edges
  • Spacing: 12″ between bars, 18″ from wall
  • Material: Natural wood preferred

💡 Pro Tip

Install a droppings board under the roosts. Chickens produce most of their waste at night, and a board makes cleaning much easier—just scrape it off each morning!

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Feeding & Nutrition

Basic Feed Requirements

A balanced diet is essential for healthy chickens and quality eggs. Here’s what your flock needs:

Chicks (0-8 weeks)

Starter feed with 18-20% protein. Small crumbles for easy eating.

Pullets (8-18 weeks)

Grower feed with 16-18% protein. Transitioning to adult feed.

Laying Hens (18+ weeks)

Layer feed with 16% protein and added calcium for strong eggshells.

💧 Fresh Water is Essential

Chickens drink a surprising amount of water—especially in Nation Wide heat. A laying hen needs about 1 pint (500ml) of water daily, more in summer. Always provide clean, cool water.

Healthy Treats ✅

  • Leafy greens (kale, lettuce, spinach)
  • Vegetables (cucumbers, squash, carrots)
  • Fruits (watermelon, berries, bananas)
  • Grains (oats, rice, pasta—cooked)
  • Mealworms and insects
  • Scratch grains (as occasional treat)

⛔ Foods to NEVER Feed

  • Avocado (toxic to chickens)
  • Raw or dried beans
  • Chocolate and caffeine
  • Onions and garlic (in large amounts)
  • Salty or processed foods
  • Moldy or spoiled food
  • Green potato skins

🦪 Calcium Supplement

Offer crushed oyster shells free-choice in a separate container. Hens will eat what they need for strong eggshells. Don’t mix it into the feed—let them self-regulate.

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Daily Care Routines

Consistent daily care keeps your flock healthy and productive. Here’s a simple routine that takes just 15-20 minutes per day.

🌅 Morning Routine

Open the coop door

Let chickens out to the run at sunrise or when you wake.

Check and refill water

Ensure fresh, clean water is available. Scrub waterers if dirty.

Check and refill feed

Chickens should always have access to their layer feed.

Quick health check

Observe each bird—are they active, eating, drinking normally?

Collect eggs

Gather eggs from nesting boxes. Check for any broken eggs.

🌙 Evening Routine

Collect remaining eggs

Some hens lay later in the day.

Check water again

Especially important in hot weather.

Secure the coop

Lock all doors and check latches after chickens go inside.

Head count

Make sure all birds are accounted for before closing up.

📅 Weekly Tasks

Remove droppings from coop
Refresh nesting box bedding
Scrub and sanitize waterers
Check for signs of pests or illness
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Health & Wellness

Prevention is the best medicine. Knowing what to look for helps you catch problems early.

Signs of a Healthy Chicken

  • Bright, alert eyes
  • Active and curious behavior
  • Clean, smooth feathers
  • Red, healthy-looking comb and wattles
  • Normal eating and drinking
  • Regular egg production (for laying hens)
  • Clear nostrils and quiet breathing

🚨 Warning Signs to Watch For

  • Lethargy or isolation from the flock
  • Decreased appetite or water intake
  • Pale or discolored comb
  • Discharge from eyes, nose, or mouth
  • Difficulty breathing or wheezing
  • Sudden drop in egg production
  • Diarrhea or abnormal droppings
  • Feather loss (beyond normal molting)

Common Health Issues

🪶 External Parasites

Mites and lice are common. Provide a dust bath area with diatomaceous earth. Check birds regularly, especially under wings and around the vent.

🐛 Internal Parasites

Worms can affect chickens, especially free-ranging birds. Consider regular fecal tests and deworming if needed. Keep the coop clean and dry.

🤧 Respiratory Issues

Caused by poor ventilation, dust, or infection. Ensure good airflow in the coop. Isolate any sick birds immediately.

🩺 When to Call a Vet

If you notice multiple birds sick at once, severe symptoms, or no improvement after basic care, consult an avian veterinarian. Early intervention saves lives!

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Predator Protection

Our Country has many predators that would love to make a meal of your chickens. Proper protection is essential for your flock’s safety.

Common United States Predators

  • Raccoons – Clever and persistent; can open simple latches
  • Opossums – Usually go for eggs but will attack chickens
  • Hawks & Owls – Aerial threats during day and night
  • Snakes – Target eggs and small chicks
  • Dogs – Neighborhood dogs are a common threat
  • Foxes – Skilled hunters, especially at dawn/dusk
  • Bobcats – Present in rural US areas

How We Protect Your Flock

At Chicken’s Ave South Coops, we build predator protection into every coop:

  • ½-inch hardware cloth – Not chicken wire, which predators can tear through
  • Secure metal latches – Raccoon-proof locking mechanisms
  • Elevated or reinforced bases – Prevents digging under
  • Solid construction – No gaps for snakes or weasels

🔒 The Golden Rule of Predator Protection

Always lock your coop at night. Most predator attacks happen after dark. Make it part of your evening routine to close and secure the coop door before sunset. Consider an automatic door opener for added convenience.

Bury your fencing. We recommend extending hardware cloth or burying fencing 12 inches underground around the run perimeter to prevent digging predators.

Quick Answers for New Chicken Owners

How many chickens should I start with?

We recommend starting with 3-6 hens. Chickens are social animals and need companions, but a small flock is easier to manage while you learn. You can always add more later!

When will my chickens start laying?

Most hens begin laying between 18-24 weeks of age. Some breeds are earlier, some later. You’ll know it’s coming when their combs turn bright red and they start “squatting” when you approach.

How long do chickens live?

Backyard chickens typically live 5-10 years with proper care. Egg production peaks in the first 2-3 years and gradually decreases, but many people keep their hens as beloved pets long after.

How much does it cost to raise chickens?

Initial setup (coop, supplies, chickens) varies by coop size and flock size. Ongoing costs include feed (~$15-25/month for a small flock), bedding, and occasional health supplies. Fresh eggs offset much of this cost!

Do chickens smell bad?

A well-maintained coop doesn’t smell! Regular cleaning, proper ventilation, and dry bedding prevent odor. If you smell ammonia, it’s time for a cleaning. Our coops are designed for easy maintenance.

Can I let chickens free-range in my yard?

Yes, supervised free-ranging is great for chickens! They’ll eat bugs, fertilize your lawn, and be happier. However, always supervise for predators and be aware they’ll dig in gardens and leave droppings. Many owners do a few hours of supervised free-ranging daily.

Let Us Help You Begin Your Chicken Journey

At Chicken’s Ave South Coops, we’re more than coop builders—we’re fellow chicken enthusiasts. We offer free consultations to help you choose the right coop and get started on the right foot.

📞 Call (239) 465-2119 ✉️ Email Us

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